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Rear-end collisions are among the most common types of accidents on Baltimore’s busy roads. Whether it happens on I-95, the Jones Falls Expressway, or a neighborhood street, these crashes can leave drivers and passengers facing serious injuries, mounting medical bills, and stressful legal battles.

But who is at fault when a rear-end accident occurs? The answer depends on Maryland traffic laws, evidence at the scene, and how negligence is proven in court. This guide explains how fault is determined in rear-end collisions in Baltimore, what victims should know, and how to protect your rights after an accident.

What Is a Rear-End Collision?

A rear-end collision happens when one vehicle strikes the back of another. While many think of these as “minor fender benders,” they can cause severe injuries such as whiplash, back trauma, concussions, and even permanent disability. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), rear-end crashes account for nearly one-third of all traffic accidents nationwide.

In Baltimore, heavy traffic, distracted driving, and sudden stops often contribute to these types of crashes.

Maryland’s Law on Rear-End Collisions

Maryland follows the fault-based system for car accidents. This means the driver who caused the crash is responsible for covering damages through their insurance.

In most rear-end cases, the driver who strikes another vehicle from behind is presumed at fault. This is because Maryland traffic law requires drivers to:

• Maintain a safe following distance

• Drive at a reasonable speed for conditions

• Remain alert and in control of their vehicle

Failure to do so can be considered negligence under Maryland Transportation Code §21-310.

Common Causes of Rear-End Collisions in Baltimore

Rear-end crashes can happen for a variety of reasons. Some of the most common include:

1. Distracted Driving

Texting, eating, or adjusting navigation systems can pull a driver’s attention from the road, leading to delayed reaction times.

2. Speeding

Exceeding the posted limit or driving too fast for road conditions makes it harder to stop in time.

3. Tailgating

Following too closely is one of the leading causes of rear-end accidents in Baltimore traffic.

4. Weather Conditions

Rain, snow, or ice make it more difficult to stop safely, increasing the risk of sliding into another vehicle.

5. Sudden Stops

If the vehicle ahead stops unexpectedly, the trailing driver must be alert and prepared.

How Fault Is Determined in Rear-End Accidents

Determining fault in rear-end collisions in Baltimore isn’t always straightforward. Insurance companies and courts will look at a range of evidence, such as:

• Police Reports: These often include details about the crash, statements from drivers, and any citations issued.

• Witness Testimony: Neutral witnesses can provide valuable insight into how the crash occurred.

• Traffic Camera or Dashcam Footage: Video evidence is becoming increasingly important in accident claims.

• Vehicle Damage: The point of impact can show whether one driver swerved, braked suddenly, or was speeding.

• Driver Behavior: If the lead driver’s brake lights weren’t working or they reversed suddenly, fault may shift.

In rare cases, the lead driver may be partially or fully at fault—for example, if they stopped illegally, cut off another car, or had defective brake lights.

Maryland’s Contributory Negligence Rule

Maryland is one of the few states that still follows the contributory negligence rule. This means that if you, as the victim, are found even 1% at fault for the accident, you may be barred from recovering compensation.

For example:

• If your brake lights were out,

• If you stopped in the middle of the road without reason,

• Or if you contributed in any way to the accident,

…the insurance company may deny your claim. This makes it essential to have a skilled Baltimore car accident lawyer evaluate your case.

What to Do After a Rear-End Collision in Baltimore

If you’ve been involved in a rear-end crash, here are the steps you should take to protect your rights:

1. Call 911 – Always report the accident and request medical help if needed.

2. Get Medical Attention – Even if you feel fine, some injuries take days to appear.

3. Document the Scene – Take photos of both vehicles, the road, traffic signs, and weather conditions.

4. Gather Information – Collect driver’s license, insurance, and contact details from all parties involved.

5. Avoid Admitting Fault – Even apologizing can be used against you later.

6. Contact an Attorney – A lawyer can help protect your claim and deal with insurance adjusters.

Compensation Available After a Rear-End Accident

Victims of rear-end collisions in Baltimore may be entitled to several types of compensation, including:

• Medical expenses (past and future)

• Lost wages and reduced earning capacity

• Pain and suffering

• Property damage

• Rehabilitation and therapy costs

Because insurance companies often try to minimize payouts, working with a lawyer is critical to receiving fair compensation.

Why You Need a Baltimore Car Accident Lawyer

Rear-end collision cases may look straightforward, but insurance companies often use Maryland’s contributory negligence law to deny valid claims. A knowledgeable attorney can:

• Investigate the accident thoroughly

• Collect evidence and witness testimony

• Negotiate with insurers on your behalf

• Represent you in court if needed

At Baltimore Accident Law, we have extensive experience handling rear-end accidents and other personal injury cases. We know the local courts, the common tactics insurers use, and the strategies needed to build a strong case.

Final Thoughts

Rear-end collisions can happen in a split second, but their impact can last for years. Understanding how fault is determined under Maryland law is the first step toward protecting yourself and your family.

If you or a loved one has been injured in a rear-end collision in Baltimore, don’t navigate the legal process alone. Contact Baltimore Accident Law today for a free consultation and let our team fight for the justice and compensation you deserve.